The keyword term is a noun phrase where the main point, "itihas" (history), is a noun. The entire phrase refers to the historical events of September 11, with its most significant and globally recognized reference being the series of four coordinated terrorist attacks by the Islamist extremist group al-Qaeda against the United States on September 11, 2001.
The attacks involved the hijacking of four commercial airliners. American Airlines Flight 11 and United Airlines Flight 175 were intentionally crashed into the North and South Towers, respectively, of the World Trade Center complex in New York City, causing both 110-story skyscrapers to collapse. A third plane, American Airlines Flight 77, was crashed into the Pentagon in Arlington, Virginia. The fourth plane, United Airlines Flight 93, crashed into a field in Shanksville, Pennsylvania, after its passengers and crew attempted to regain control from the hijackers. The attacks resulted in 2,977 fatalities, including the 19 perpetrators.
These events served as a catalyst for major shifts in U.S. and global policy. The immediate aftermath saw the United States launch the "War on Terror," leading to the invasion of Afghanistan to depose the Taliban, which had harbored al-Qaeda. The attacks fundamentally altered international relations and led to extensive changes in national security, increased government surveillance, and the implementation of stringent new aviation security measures worldwide, the effects of which continue to influence global politics and civil liberties.
